Pantone Matching System® uses 11 basic colors to achieve over 1000 color mixtures that are used by printers and art departments. The basic printing colors that are used are: yellow, warm red, rubine red, rhodamine red, purple, violet, reflex blue, process blue, green, black, and transparent white, which appears clear.
Each of the mixed colors are assigned a PMS number. The first number assigned for a mixed color is 100 and the numbering proceeds up from that point. The instructions for mixing the color are listed below the color swatch.
The mixing instructions include the number of parts of the specific base colors that are necessary to mix a particular color, as well as a percentage of the total volume for each of the colors that are required. For example, to mix the color, Pantone 198 (a red color), the mixing instructions are listed as follows:
6 parts (37.5%) Rubine Red
2 parts (12.5%) Yellow
8 parts (50%) Trans. White
By using the various ink formulas found in the swatch book, ink manufactures and printers can mix colors to exact specifications. Pantone also issues a digital color guide for electronic publishing which lists the color formulas in a format necessary for the colors to be displayed on a computer screen.
Note: Pantone Color Guides should be replaced after one year because the printed colors in the swatch book will shift or fade and will no longer be a true representation of the actual colors.
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